Over 150 million people in the U.S. have refractive errors. They are common vision problems that occur when the shape of the eye keeps light from properly focusing on the retina. Fortunately, prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses can correct them.
What Causes Refractive Errors?
It’s normal for your eyes to change as you age. You can either have a refractive error at birth or develop it later in life. Moreover, refractive errors happen to individuals with eyeballs that are too short or long. They can also occur due to defects in the cornea’s shape. Age, genetics and environmental factors all play a role in the development of refractive errors.
Blurred vision is the most typical symptom of refractive errors. People with these vision problems can experience frequent headaches, double vision and difficulty focusing when staring at digital screens. Other signs of refractive errors include seeing a halo on bright lights, constant squinting and eye strain. It’s best to consult your local optometrist if you or your children have these symptoms.
Types of Refractive Errors
Myopia
Myopia or nearsightedness is an eye condition where nearby objects appear clear, but distant ones are blurry. It happens when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it.
Hyperopia
If you have hyperopia or farsightedness, you see distant things clearly, but nearby objects look blurry. This vision problem occurs when the eyeball is too short or the cornea isn’t curved enough. As a result, the light focuses behind the retina.
Astigmatism
When the cornea or lens has an irregular shape, astigmatism occurs. It can cause your vision to become distorted or blurry at all distances.
Presbyopia
People over the age of 45 are more likely to suffer from presbyopia. This vision problem is a natural part of aging, meaning you can’t avoid it. As you age, the lenses of your eyes slowly lose their flexibility, making it difficult to see things up close.
Treatment Options
Prescription glasses and contact lenses are the most common ways to correct refractive errors. An alternative to vision correction eyewear is LASIK surgery. Your eye doctor would have to evaluate your eyes to determine if you’re a good candidate for this procedure.
Regular eye exam appointments are vital to the early detection and treatment of refractive errors. Only an eye doctor can identify changes in your vision and provide appropriate prescription eyewear. At Eyes On Norbeck, we specialize in diagnosing and treating myopia, hyperopia, amblyopia and other common eye conditions. Call us at (301) 238-7199 or fill out our contact form to make an appointment. Our team assists patients around Potomac, MD.
